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The Narcotic Addict Treatment Act of 1974 limited opiate agonist treatment primarily to regulated treatment programs. The current system accommodates far fewer than the estimated Americans addicted to opiates. Recently the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment have focused on the development of Office-Based Opioid Treatment (OBOT) to make agonist treatment more available. The initiative has significant potential to improve quality of life and reduce the spread of infection in the untreated population of opiate addicts by accommodating more patients.
The goal of OBOT is to expand the treatment base to a wide variety of office-based physician practices. For the OBOT initiative to be successful physicians need to be prepared to deliver treatment to patients with addictive disorders and associated comorbidities.